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马铃薯在16世纪末和17世纪初被带到印度,最有可能是从葡萄牙通过船运抵达。如今,印度是世界第三大马铃薯生产国,2007年的产量约为2600万吨。

在1960年至2000年期间,马铃薯的产量几乎增长了850%,部分原因是为了满足城市收入较高人口日益增长的需求。自1990年之后,人均年消费量从12公斤左右增加至17公斤。

在印度,马铃薯从根本上讲不是农村的主粮,而是为农民提供主要收入的经济作物。2005年产值估计为36亿美元,当年出口量总计约8万吨。
 
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印度马铃薯种植的地区分布(国际马铃薯研究中心 CIP,世界马铃薯图册)

10月至来年3月短暂的冬日里,适应于该国夏季炎热和冬季短暂的马铃薯品种会被种植在印度河-恒河平原,而在海拔相对较高的南方半岛则进行全年生产。

PotatoPro将印度的马铃薯种植大邦(如下所示,占全国产量超过1%的邦)列为一个单独的地区对其进行介绍。
Agricultural Statistics 印度
Potato Processed in 2012 :0.00tonnesStandardized data
Potato Production in 2011 :42339400.00tonnesOfficial data
Potato Seed in 2011 :3051200.00tonnesCalculated data
Potato Area Harvested in 2011 :1863200.00HaOfficial data
Potato Yield in 2011 :227240.00Hg/HaCalculated data
Potato Processed in 2011 :0.00tonnesStandardized data
Potato Production in 2010 :36577300.00tonnesOfficial data
Consumption Statistics 印度
Potatoes (Fresh and Processed) , Consumption (Crop Equivalent) in 1992:14.51kg/capita/yearPotatoes (Fresh and Processed)
Sweet Potatoes , Consumption (Crop Equivalent) in 1992:1.19kg/capita/yearSweet Potatoes
Potatoes (Fresh and Processed) , Consumption (Crop Equivalent) in 1991:12.18kg/capita/yearPotatoes (Fresh and Processed)
Sweet Potatoes , Consumption (Crop Equivalent) in 1991:1.36kg/capita/yearSweet Potatoes
Potatoes (Fresh and Processed) , Consumption (Crop Equivalent) in 1990:12.38kg/capita/yearPotatoes (Fresh and Processed)
Sweet Potatoes , Consumption (Crop Equivalent) in 1990:1.37kg/capita/yearSweet Potatoes
Potatoes (Fresh and Processed) , Consumption (Crop Equivalent) in 1989:12.71kg/capita/yearPotatoes (Fresh and Processed)

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