马铃薯是阿富汗的重要商品,国内市场强劲,进出口市场呈季节性波动。阿富汗70%的马铃薯种植在巴米扬省。国际社会的支持改善了马铃薯的贮藏能力,贮藏能力是阿富汗马铃薯市场的主要损失来源。
阿富汗的农业气候条件非常适合优质马铃薯生产。生产集中在九个省:Bamyan,Nangarhar Panjsher,Parwan,Samangan,Sarepul,Takhar,Uruzgan和Wardak,尽管超过70%的产量仅来自Bamyan省。
在阿富汗种植的最受欢迎的马铃薯品种有Safed gul,Be gul,Sabz gul,Sorkh gul(Lavkar),Chandramukhi,Cardinal和Desiree。 Chandramukhi,Lavkar,Cardinal和Desiree是2002年从印度和巴基斯坦进口的外来品种。2003年,国际马铃薯中心(CIP)还在楠格哈尔省引进了三种新的马铃薯品种 — Kufri Jyoti,Kufri Badshah和钻石。
由于有利的条件和对作物病害的成功控制,估计在2014/15年度(4月/ 3月),阿富汗的马铃薯产量将增加3%,即31.2万公吨。与2012 / 13年相比,2013/14年度马铃薯产量增加了32%。据估计,2014/15年度阿富汗马铃薯种植面积将近23500公顷,平均产量为每公顷13.5公吨。巴米扬和楠格哈尔省的产量通常最高,约为每公顷20-22吨。
马铃薯大多是在春季生长在高山峡谷,秋季生长在灌溉土地上的平原。种薯是从春天的山地里马铃薯中获得的,并保留用于秋季播种和随后的春季播种。种薯主要贮藏在手挖地下贮藏区。阿富汗几乎没有冷藏库。然而,近年来国际社会为阿富汗提供了适当的种子生产和贮藏技术培训,一些私营公司在阿富汗建立了种子贮藏库。
资料来源:Agrochart.com(2014)
阿富汗
Agricultural Statistics Afghanistan
Potato Yield in 2020 : | 159369.00 | 100 g/ha | Official figure | ℹ |
Potato Area Harvested in 2020 : | 53674.00 | ha | Official figure | ℹ |
Potato Production in 2019 : | 921122.00 | t | Official figure | ℹ |
Potato Yield in 2019 : | 161413.00 | 100 g/ha | Official figure | ℹ |
Potato Area Harvested in 2019 : | 57066.00 | ha | Official figure | ℹ |
Potato Production in 2018 : | 615684.00 | t | Official figure | ℹ |
Potato Yield in 2018 : | 190026.00 | 100 g/ha | Official figure | ℹ |
Consumption Statistics Afghanistan
Potatoes (Fresh and Processed) , Consumption (Crop Equivalent) in 2016: | 14.94 | kg/capita/year | ℹ | Potatoes (Fresh and Processed) |
Sweet Potatoes , Consumption (Crop Equivalent) in 2016: | 0.08 | kg/capita/year | ℹ | Sweet Potatoes |
Potatoes (Fresh and Processed) , Consumption (Crop Equivalent) in 2015: | 13.96 | kg/capita/year | ℹ | Potatoes (Fresh and Processed) |
Sweet Potatoes , Consumption (Crop Equivalent) in 2015: | 0.00 | kg/capita/year | ℹ | Sweet Potatoes |
Potatoes (Fresh and Processed) , Consumption (Crop Equivalent) in 2014: | 13.45 | kg/capita/year | ℹ | Potatoes (Fresh and Processed) |
Potatoes (Fresh and Processed) , Consumption (Crop Equivalent) in 2013: | 14.55 | kg/capita/year | ℹ | Potatoes (Fresh and Processed) |
Potatoes (Fresh and Processed) , Consumption (Crop Equivalent) in 2013: | 7.53 | kg/capita/year | ℹ | Potatoes (Fresh and Processed) |