Introduction
Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) cultivation requires meticulous nutrient management to attain optimal yields typically ranging from 30-50 t/ha, given the crop's shallow root system (20-40 cm depth) and substantial nutrient demands, such as 100-200 kg/ha of NPK. Fertilizer supplements, focusing on micronutrients, fill critical gaps in standard macronutrient regimens, mitigating yield reductions of up to 20-30% from deficiencies like zinc, which affects tuber formation. Plant growth stimulants, known as biostimulants, augment physiological functions without supplying primary nutrients, bolstering tolerance to stresses including drought, salinity and pathogens. In diverse regions such as the U.S. Midwest, Europe and India, where soil heterogeneity is prevalent, these adjuncts can elevate yields by 10-30%, diminish non-marketable tubers by 1-3 t/ha and support biofortification with elements like iron and zinc for nutritional enhancement.
When integrated with base fertilizers potentially substituting 50-70% they promote sustainable agriculture compliant with standards like USDA NOP or EU Organic Regulations, though soil testing is essential to avert toxicities. This guide explores their functions, classifications, advantages, application strategies and supporting evidence from field trials, advocating for integrated approaches to foster resilient potato farming. Additional considerations include the role of secondary nutrients like calcium, magnesium and sulfur, which support tuber quality and plant structure and the importance of monitoring environmental factors like soil organic matter to optimize uptake efficiency.



