ALDI is a leading global discount supermarket chain with over 9,000 stores in over 18 countries, and an estimated turnover of more than €50bn

Alibaba Group Holding Limited is a Chinese e-commerce company that provides consumer-to-consumer, business-to-consumer and business-to-business sales services via web portals.

Amazon is the largest e-commerce company in the United States and rapidly increasing its activities in (online) food retail.

ASDA is the UK based subsidiary of US retail giant Wal-mart Stores, Inc.

Auchan SA is a French international retail group and multinational corporation headquartered in Croix, France. It is one of the world's principal distribution groups with a presence in 12 countries and 175,000 employees.

Carrefour is one of the world's largest retailers. By December 31, Carrefour was operating 12.296 stores in more than 30 countries in Europe, Latin America and Asia.

Coles is one of the two major supermarket retailers in Australia, operating 770 supermarkets nationwide.

Costco Wholesale Corporation is the largest American membership-only warehouse club. In 2015, Costco was the second largest retailer in the world after Walmart.